Category: Semiconductor Devices
-
Power Rail Names Explained: VCC, VDD, VSS, GND, AVCC, AVDD and More
Learn the complete meaning of VCC, VDD, VSS and GND in electronics. This comprehensive guide explains their historical origins, differences, grounding concepts, datasheet conventions, PCB design considerations, real-world examples and practical engineering applications. Whether you are a student, hobbyist or professional engineer, this article will help you understand modern power rail naming used in microcontrollers,…
-
MOSFET Square Wave Generator Circuit using 2N7000 (Complete Guide)
Learn how to build a MOSFET square wave generator using two 2N7000 MOSFETs. Includes circuit operation, RC timing equations, frequency calculation, applications, and troubleshooting.
-
Why Does a MOSFET Burn Out? 9 Causes of MOSFET Failure (and Fixes)
A burnt MOSFET is never random — it’s the end result of one specific stress the part couldn’t survive. This guide breaks down the 9 real causes of MOSFET failure, from weak gate drive and motor back-EMF to H-bridge shoot-through and bad heatsinking, with the exact fix for each.
-
MOSFET Interfacing: Direct Drive, Gate Drivers and High-Side SwitchingMOSFET Driver Circuits for ESP32, Pico and Arduino (N & P-Channel)
Learn how to drive N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs from ESP32, Raspberry Pi Pico, Arduino, and TTL logic. Compare direct logic-level drive with 10V gate-driver circuits, solve MOSFET heating caused by under-drive, and download datasheets for popular power MOSFETs.
-
Introduction to TVS diode
Definition of TVS Diodes Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) diodes are essential components designed to protect sensitive electronics from voltage spikes and transients. These abrupt and extreme fluctuations in voltage can be induced by lightning, electrostatic discharge (ESD), or switching noise from other devices within the circuit. TVS diodes work by clamping overvoltage events to a…